Water splashed on the table, you can take a sponge to suck, if the oil spills into the sea? The excellent performance of graphene stems from its perfect structure, which can lead to a dramatic drop in its performance once the structure is destroyed, even with very little damage. However, such as "coarse cloth broken floss" as imperfect graphene in decontamination, purification of the environment, but it contains a great potential.
Graphene to achieve a functional sponge will become a new tool for the management of oil slick at sea
Professor Xu Shuhong from National University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, made a breakthrough in the design of high-viscosity oil-slick adsorbent. Yu Shuhong research group for the first time the Joule heat effect is introduced into the porous hydrophobic lipophilic oil-absorbing material, designed and developed to quickly reduce the viscosity of crude oil on the surface of graphene functional sponge assembly materials and continuous collection of crude oil leak environment collection device, large The adsorption speed of the oil-absorbing material to the high viscosity oil slick is increased, and the oil slick-cleaning time is obviously reduced. The result was published online April 3 in Nature - Nanotechnology magazine.
Sea oil spills not only bring disastrous damage to the ecological environment, but also cause huge economic losses. However, the oil slick generated by the oil spill has the characteristics of large area, thin oil layer and high viscosity, which makes it difficult to use traditional techniques and materials for effective treatment. Oil skimmers in the oil boom with the oil slick area can handle very limited area, and the recovery of oil slick water content; spread to the oil spill area dispersant can only be part of the oil slick dispersed into the water, and the formation of Crude oil emulsion particles will still threaten the living environment of marine life; directly igniting the oil slick will cause serious air pollution, at the same time it will cause oxygen shortage in the area where the oil slick leaks.
In recent years, due to its advantages of low cost, high oil-water separation efficiency, simple operation and environment-friendliness, porous hydrophobic lipophilic materials have attracted more and more researchers' attention. However, the porous hydrophobic lipophilic material has high adsorption efficiency only for low viscosity oil products, but it is very difficult to clean and recover the surface crude oil leakage. Because crude oil has a relatively high viscosity, even low viscosity crude oil can increase in viscosity by more than a few hundredths after a leak, making it difficult for porous hydrophobic-lipophilic materials to quickly adsorb oil to the interior and reduce porosity Hydrophobic and oleophilic material utilization and slick rate. Therefore, in order to promote the widespread application of porous hydrophobic lipophilic materials in the field of oil slick cleaning, there is an urgent need to solve the problem of slow propagation of high viscosity slicks in porous hydrophobic lipophilic materials.
Yu Shuhong team since 2012, continued high-performance carbon-based assembly of the oil absorption material design and preparation methods. His research group, for the first time, integrated the Joule heating effect of graphene and the hydrophobic-lipophilic properties of graphene into porous oil-absorbing materials to design a graphene functional sponge with in-situ heating and oil-water separation. While maintaining high oil-water separation efficiency The case of porous hydrophobic lipophilic material greatly increased the viscosity of the oil slick adsorption speed.
They first use centrifugal assisted dip coating technology, coated on the surface of commercial sponge graphene coating, the resulting graphene modified sponge not only conductive, but also has hydrophobic lipophilic properties. Their study found that after such graphene functionalized sponge voltage is applied, the resulting Joule heat rapidly increases the temperature of the crude oil contacted with it, effectively reducing the viscosity of the crude oil in contact therewith, thereby increasing the viscosity of the crude oil in the graphite The diffusion coefficient inside the olefin-functional sponge eventually enables the graphene-functional sponge to rapidly adsorb high-viscosity crude oil on the water surface.
In order to improve the efficiency of electric energy utilization, they limit the heating area to the bottom of the graphene functional sponge. The top sponge and the floating oil on the surface of the water are equivalent to the insulation layer, so as to relieve the heat from diffusing into the air and water and increasing the heat transfer to the crude oil effectiveness. In this limited heating design, the power consumption is reduced by 65.6%, the amount of graphene is reduced by 50% and the oil absorption time is only 5.4% of the room temperature graphene sponge. In addition, they also proposed array electrode design to prove that this Joule heat-assisted porous hydrophobic lipophilic material oil absorption technology, industrial production can be achieved. This array electrode design allows a large area graphene-modified sponge to be heated to very high temperatures at a low applied voltage, which is of great importance for the commercialization of this technology in the future.
Reviewers at Nature - Nanotech said: "The story is very interesting, with a few clever ideas, such as reducing the viscosity of crude oil by heating and making crude oil adsorption viable", as reported in the article The results of this study ensure the use of Joule-assisted graphene-modified sponges, which is a novel and interesting work, "which takes advantage of the Joule heating effect of graphene to enable graphene-modified sponges to reduce the viscosity of crude oil in-situ The idea of ​​removing crude oil from the surface is very original and innovative. "
Commenting on the magazine, the magazine also commented: "In situ regulation of oil rheology and, ultimately, the rapid clean-up of oil is an original concept that opens the door to a new era of quick, high-viscosity oil slick." With a similar strategy, we It is conceivable that future smart composites will also be able to adsorb emulsified, highly viscous petroleum and sub-sea ultra-heavy petroleum or bitumen. "The work will be officially published in a cover paper in May.
This study pioneered a new approach to the design of oil-slick adsorbents and solved the problem of the slow adsorption of porous viscous oil with high viscosity. The proposed interfacial heating reduces the viscosity of crude oil. In the oil and water industry The field of separation also has a wide range of applications. The research proposed to heat the graphene functionalized sponge assembly material, optimized materials and structures can further reduce the material cost and power consumption, is expected to be widely used in the future to deal with the accidental disposal of crude oil at sea. (Reporter She Huimin)
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