The main basis of the gravity beneficiation method is the difference in density between materials of different grades or ash. For fine-grained and fine-grained materials, the difference in sedimentation velocity in the medium is determined according to the particle size according to the particles with different particle sizes.
In gravity beneficiation, the ore particles with different properties (density, particle size, shape) are gradually separated during the movement. Gravity equipment should have different minerals with different physical conditions (direction of motion, speed, acceleration and motion trajectory, etc.).
The reselection process is performed in the medium. The density of the medium is high, and the difference in the state of motion of the ore particles is large, so the sorting effect is better. For example, iron balls and feathers, when moving in a vacuum, have the same direction, velocity, acceleration, and trajectory, and cannot be separated by gravity. However, in the air, it is completely different. The dense iron ball settles faster than the low density wooden ball; the iron ball with larger particle size is faster than the iron ball with smaller particle size; the spherical object falls faster than the flat object. In water, the difference in motion between them is more pronounced.
The medium used in the gravity beneficiation process is: air, water, heavy liquid (a liquid with a density greater than water or an aqueous solution of a high-density salt) and a suspension (a mixture of solid particles and water), or a mixture of solid particles and air. That is, air heavy medium.
During the re-election process, the object is not only affected by gravity, but also with the buoyancy of the medium acting on the object and the resistance of the medium to the moving object. They are not only related to the density of the object and the properties (density and viscosity) of the medium, but also to the particle size, shape of the object and the relative speed of movement between the object and the medium. Similarly, for hydraulic grading operations, the difference in density and shape of the ore particles will also affect the accuracy of grading by particle size.
In the gravity beneficiation process, the influence of the size and shape of the ore particles on the sorting results should be reduced, so that the density difference between the ore particles can play a leading role in the sorting process. Therefore, on the one hand, we should study the movement law of ore particles in the medium, and on the other hand, we should study the properties of the moving medium and the motion characteristics of the medium flow under various specific conditions.
In the gravity sorting process, the flow forms of the medium are: continuous rise, intermittent rise, intermittent drop, up and down alternating, inclined flow, and swirling flow. In different flow forms of the medium. Different sizes of mineral grains. The difference in the state of motion is also different.
Different re-election methods have different media and media flow modes. Common re-election methods include heavy medium dressing, jigging beneficiation, rotary medium flow sorting, shaker sorting, and chute sorting.
In high-density heavy media (heavy liquid, suspension), ore particles with a density higher than the density of the medium will sink in the heavy medium, and the ore particles with a density lower than the density of the heavy medium will rise in the heavy medium, thereby To separate them, this gravity sorting process is called heavy medium beneficiation; in a continuously rising medium flow, particles with high particle size and high density will settle, while particles with low particle size and low density will be washed away by the rising medium flow. . In the intermittent ascending medium flow, loose particles and different mineral granules are obtained by rushing up the granules, using loose machines, each doing their best, and stratifying, such as the pulsating jigging process; in the intermittent descending medium flow, The granules use a given opportunity to perform loose and stratified sorting, such as the sorting of a moving sieve jig; in the medium flow alternating up and down, the ore particles continuously move up and down with the medium, in each rise or When falling once, the ore particles with different density and particle size have different distances for moving up and down. As a result, high-density ore particles will be concentrated in the lower layer, and low-density ore particles will be concentrated in the upper layer. After being discharged separately, products with different densities can be obtained. . In the inclined medium flow, the ore particles of different densities and sizes have different trajectories, and they will move to different intervals from the feeding point to separate them. The rotating medium flow is a sorted material, providing a centrifugal force field to strengthen the sorting process, and thus is an effective method for sorting fine particles and fine materials.
The gravity separation process has different process methods, and the density and particle size of the treated materials are different.
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